Jim: I believe the deck pulleys interchange, or at least I hope they do, because I bought a 6" deck pulley to match my 6" PTO. It is recommended that the size of the PTO and deck pulley match in order not to over- or under-drive the deck. Blade speed will be affected, and, if over-driven, the bearings will experience more wear. Finding the proper belt to fit can also be a challenge. However, if you want to live dangerously, try matching a 6" PTO up to a 4.5" deck pulley to speed up those blades!
Seriously, it sounds like your PTO is 4-1/2" and the deck you're looking at has a 6" pulley, I would swap the pulley on the deck for a 4-1/2" version and use the same belt --you should be good to go.
One final thought, the 6" and 4-1/2" pulleys I'm talking about are for the 82 series (and later) tractors which use the 5/8" wide belts. If you're talking about fitting a 54" deck to a Quiet Line or earlier Cub Cadet which uses the 3/8" drive belt, then you would need to use the 4-1/2" "speedup" pulley designed for the "A" decks which still interchanges with the 82 series "C" decks (and later, I presume).
Good luck.