HARRY - The "JA" is a rim contour style code established by the Tire, Rim & Wheel Mfgr's Association. It sets guidelines for the ID of the rim where the wheel center gets welded in and how wide that diameter is and other critical dimensions.
As to why it's upside-down, I imagine they're loose number & letter dies and can be installed either way. As long as they're there is all that matters. When identifying parts the people at the rim/wheel company would look for their part number.
And as for Dad's wrong color tractor, Well, the whole neighborhood was going green. Dad had the model R diesel back around 1964 for a few months and was lucky enough to sell it for what he paid for it, and he had a "styled" 1940 2-cyl B, and the 4010 he bought in Dec.'68. I can't remember for sure but think the 4010 came on the farm a year before the B. After a bad day of green tractor problems Dad told me when we were coming in that night that, "I always try to keep ONE of those $^@&# green things around to remind me to NEVER Buy another one." Words I still LIVE BY!, except I don't have ANY green tractors. We had problems with the red tractors from time-to-time, but they always seemed to get the job done on time one way or another. The problems we had with the 4010 were many and expensive to fix for a tractor that was only five years old when he got it and had already been over-hauled. Dad had looked at a 930 or 1030 Case the week before he bought the 4010, and had been looking for a 706 or 806 for several months but just couldn't find an IH that was newer or better than his 450 he'd had for four yrs. Neighbor got rid of his Allis for a new green tractor so Dad jumped ship too. I always look at it that if Dad had gotten a good newer IH tractor he might not have been as willing to quit farming in '72 to work for Grow Mark Industries, FS, Farm Services, one of the largest feed, fuel, fertilizer co-ops in the midwest and get his Teamster pension to retire on.
Dad bought the 4010 Dec. 11th of '68. After Christmas he took it to town for all four new tires, new paint, expensive tune-up, should have been like a new tractor. But the first day we plowed with it, it burned FIVE quarts of oil per tank of fuel and never stopped until we did a major over-haul of the engine winter of '71. And the ONLY time we didn't have problems with it was the 6-8 months of every year it sat in the shed. Once the corn & beans were cultivated it didn't run again until spring unless we fall plowed or used it a few days to pull the combine combining oats in July. I remember working on it more than I do running it, and I ran it a lot. Every year the small profit Dad made from a little operation like ours went back into that tractor for repairs throughout the year. No money left for updating anything else like getting rid of the mounted corn picker & pull type combine and getting a self-propelled combine, or a new planter, or something else that would have made us some money. It was a nice tractor to run for light jobs like cultivating corn/beans, after a second tune-up to correct what the first one screwed up it handled our smaller equipment fine, but about 20-30 operating hours after that tune-up I blew the head gasket plowing that fall. So it got a complete engine rebuild that winter. Ran fine spring of '72 but the throw-out bearing in the engine clutch went out summer of '72 when Dad was mowing weeds with it one day. It got hauled off to the shop for repair and was sold to the son of one of Dad's HS classmates and never came back to our farm. It was a MONEY PIT... ALWAYS reaching into your pocket for more money for repairs.
See why I run IH Cub Cadets now?
Im looking forward to representing our team this year if I do go. 
